Ferhana Shah. Dr. Neufeld And Dr. Slucki. Honors Colloquium

Ferhana Shah Dr. Neufeld and Dr. Slucki Honors Colloquium in Western Civilization 14 April 2017 Transcending Double Consciousness in 20th Century America In The Souls of Black Folk, W. E. B. Du Bois coins â€Å"double consciousness†, as a â€Å"peculiar feeling†¦ this sense of always looking at one s self through the eyes of others† (Du Bois I). He goes on to say that as a black person, â€Å"one ever feels his twoness—an American, a Negro; two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body,† (Du Bois I). In other words, double consciousness refers to living with two identities that are at constant war with each other. For Du Bois, a black man can never simply just be an â€Å"American† or a â€Å"Negro†, for blacks will†¦show more content†¦While Du Bois gives us a clear vision for his solution to dealing with these issues, by placing a strong emphasis on education as a way to escape the bonds of double consciousness, The Jazz Singer is not as explicitly clear. However, based on the film’s ending, The Jazz Singer does seem to suggest that the only way to lessen the burden of double consciousness is to confront the issue head-on by trying to mesh the two identities into one. Immigrants who come to the United States of America arrive from all corners of the world, and inevitably bring their own cultures, languages, dress, values, and beliefs with them. Jackie’s father, Cantor Rabinowitz, is no exception to this notion. While Cantor Rabinowitz may have no problems with wholeheartedly clinging to the traditions of his homeland, Jackie, as a first generation American, struggles to stabilize his conflicting Jewish and American roots. His Jewish upbringing in New York and his father’s expectation that Jackie will be a Jewish cantor constantly competes with his passion for singing jazz tunes and his dream of becoming a Broadway performer (Crosland). As mentioned earlier, according to Du Bois, African Americans have this same identity crisis: no matter what minority groups do to try to fit into the role of the standard â€Å"American†, they

Utopia Vs Dystopia - 1530 Words

Growing up in America, the idea of a land without original thought is unimaginable. This haunting theme is more commonly found in dystopian literature than in the real world. A dystopia is defined as â€Å"a society characterized by human misery, as squalor, oppression, disease, and overcrowding† (â€Å"Dystopia†). Many dystopias brainwash their people into believing the laws and regulations that are set in that country are normal. Unfortunately, dystopias are commonly ruled by a leader who is unjust and uses his or her power to a dangerous and unlawful extent. In the book 1984 by George Orwell, the citizens of Oceania are forced into blindly following the government’s plan. Despite the physical abuse the people experience from their government it†¦show more content†¦In 1984, Big Brother is a supreme leader who watches over those who live in Oceania. He is looked upon as an important figure and the citizens. They are under constant surveillance and cann ot have their own independent thoughts or ideas. In every room there is a telescreen mounted on the wall with Big Brother observing the people. Winston describes, â€Å"the telescreen received and transmitted simultaneously. Any sound Winston made, above the level of a very low whisper, would be picked up by it; moreover, so long as he remained within the field of vision which the metal plaque commanded, he could be seen as well as heard† (Orwell book 1 chapter 1). If any citizens disagreed with the government or spoke poorly about the regulations, the thought police would come take them away. The thought police control the society and are in charge of making sure everyone agrees with Big Brother and the government. The people are thankful because this results in no arguments and the illusion of peace. This eerie concept is masked in the propaganda of a friendly face watching over you. They are told, â€Å"big brother is always watching you† (Orwell 3). This gives a mo re familial feel to the government, normalizing the system and making it harder to resist. This utopia uses the language of brotherly protection and truth to make everyone feel protected. 1984 is a dystopian society full of propaganda, misery, and manipulation. Although to the blind eye it may look as if it is a utopia, onShow MoreRelatedUtopia Vs Dystopia797 Words   |  4 PagesThe topic of utopias have always been an interesting topic for philosophers throughout time. Many ideas and perfect laws have been discussed, however every man’s virtue, is another’s vice and there are disagreements. Both Plato’s The Republic and More’s Utopia heavily discuss their ideas of a perfect society. Their thoughts on a utopia have plenty similarities, more specifically in gender relations. They believe that for a society to truly be equal women must work as much as men and that both menRead MoreEssay about Utopia Vs. Dystopia959 Words   |  4 Pages Utopia Vs. Dystopia Each person has their own vision of utopia. Utopia means an ideal state, a paradise, a land of enchantment. It has been a central part of the history of ideas in Western Civilization. Philosophers and writers continue to imagine and conceive plans for an ideal state even today. They use models of ideal government to express their ideas on contemporary issues and political conditions. Man has never of comparing the real and ideal, actuality and dream, and the stark facts ofRead MoreLiterary Analysis Of Animal Farm By George Orwell1310 Words   |  6 Pagesbe a utopia, the pigs secretly were deceiving their fellow animals and turning the farm into a dystopia. In George Orwell s Animal Farm all of the animals are mistreated by Farmer Jones, but they wish to be treated as equals and live in a utopia so they rebel and take over the farm. The animals first write commandments to avoid chaos, but the leader pigs selfishly modify the commandments in their favor. In the end, the farm is worse off than it was before the rebellion, becoming a dystopia. AnimalRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Darkness At Noon 1429 Words   |  6 Pagescoined the word utopia while he was describing the theoretical characteristics of Atlantis. However, many dystopias have emerged from utopias. Oppression is another predicament which exists in the world. Humans have oppressed each other for centuries and it continues to happen to this day. Xenophobia is another problem which exists in the world. Xenophobia is the hate towards people from other countries, or foreigners. Many works have been influenced by oppression, xenophobia and dystopias around theRead MoreKnowing Is Better Than Not Knowing1676 Words   |  7 Pagesanymore. The Utopians do not think humans need to make their own decisions, but do things if they want to. 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As an author, you could almost feel Orwell take over Winston’s character as he makes the decision to write a diary â€Å"To the future or to the past, to a time when thought is free, when men are different from one another and do not live alone -- to a time when truth exists and what is done cannot be undone.† The themes under which Orwell’s book lie under -- appearance vs reality, indoctrination, surveillanceRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Vs. 1984970 Words   |  4 PagesFahrenheit 451 vs. 1984 Ray Bradbury and George Orwell share a very similar theme in their two novels, Fahrenheit 451 and 1984. Winston Smith and Guy Montag work within an authoritarian organization, in which, they have opposing views of the authority. The novels are placed in a dystopian setting that the authority believes is a utopia. The dystopian fictions both have very similar predictions of the future. The predictions from these novels have not happened. However, it could be a short matterRead More1984 vs. Fahrenheit 4512544 Words   |  11 Pages1984 vs. Fahrenheit 451 â€Å"Do you begin to see, then what kind of world we are creating? It is the exact opposite of the stupid hedonistic Utopias†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Orwell 267). 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 are both dystopias, although in each society, the government tells the citizens that it is a utopia. A dystopia is, â€Å"An imaginary place or state in which the condition of life is extremely bad, as from deprivation, oppression or terror† (â€Å"dystopia†). On the other hand, a utopia is described as, â€Å"An ideally perfectRead MoreA Comparison of Utopian Societies885 Words   |  4 Pagescitizens has been to create the â€Å"perfect† society. To a majority of people in the novels Brave New World (c.1932) by Aldous Huxley and The Giver (c.1993) by Lois Lowry, a utopia and â€Å"perfect† society has been accomplished. But at a second glance, the world that Huxley creates and Lowry’s community are actually totalitarian dystopias with many secrets. The similarities of both novels are evident and some readers may make the conclusion that Lowry simply wrote a spinoff of Huxley’s novel. Yes, the similaritiesRead MoreIndividuality Vs Society1706 Words   |  7 PagesAldous Huxley s novel, Brave New World, tells the story of a dystopian world that contends with some of our modern world s most debated topics; individuality vs. society and the price one is willing to pay for security. Far from a idyllic utopia, Huxley portrays an advanced, highly ordered, and technology-driven society in which security and stability are purchased at the price of individuality. While the citizens of World State seem to be content with a world in which all individuality must be

Sexual Deviation as Conditioned Behavior †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Sexual Deviation as Conditioned Behavior. Answer: Introduction Pedophilia definition is; a persistent interest sexually in prepubescent children. It is manifested in fantasies, thoughts, sexual arousal, urges or sexual behavior (World Health Organization, 1997: American Psychiatric Association, 2000). It is the most common paraphilia discussed in the clinical areas and in research literature concerning forensic. In pedophilia the strongest form is in which the pedophilic individual has a strong interest sexually for those children who have no secondary sexual developments and also in mature adults. There is a case of pedophilia individuals who are sexually attracted to infants (Greenberg, Bradford Curry, 2003). In another category others are interested with pubescent children (Blanchard Barbaree, 2005 pp. 511-526). It has not yet been known the above represents different paraphilias or variants of pedophilia. In most cases people think that pedophilia and sexual offences against children are the same. Most individuals use the two interchangeably. The two are not synonymous. Some pedophilias are known to have never offended a child sexually and most sexual offenders to children are not pedophilias (Seto, Cantor Blanchard, 2006; Seto Lalumiere, 2005). Being pedophilia is not illegal whereas an adult who has sexual contact to prepubescent child is illegal. It is an offence to the law. The laws varies from country to country. Interest to children sexually is a pivotal motivation to sexual offense to children even though this is not the only cause. When men ask consent from post pubertal adolescents who are under the legal age, he engage in criminal behavior. This individuals are unlikely to be pedophilias. This is contrary to the cultural and temporal relativity. It dictates the age of consent and the objectives of the events should be reproduction. This is viewed as a sexual maladaptive Da rwinian perspective as the mating choice are incapable of giving birth. Pedophilia which is sexual orientation and can be heterosexual or homosexual in nature, it appears/emerges during the early life of the individual and it appears to be stable across all the lifespan. Whether to be heterosexual or homosexual (the orientation) onset is usually in puberty and this is often described as a process of discovery (McClintock Herdt, 2006 pp. 183-190; Quinsey, 2003). They discover their sexual interests in children in adolescents (Abel et al., 2007). In a study by (Marshall, Barberee and Eccles, 2006 pp. 323-336). The sample was 129 sexual offenders majorly to children. 41% was on boys who were unrelated. 35% was on girls who were unrelated and 10% was on related/incent. They reported to have this deviant behavior/sexual fantasies before the ages of 20. A quarter of the sample reported to have heard the sexual fantasies prior the sexual offense. Some were noted to have been concealing the onset of the fantasies. Freund and Kuban, (2006) in a study of 106 indi vidual who were sexual offenders, 76 of them admitted to have been having sexual interests in young children in their adolescent. They also discovered that many of the sex offenders they did study on were curious on seeing children nude. Explanation of pedophilia includes Finkerhors (2004) the preconditioning models. The Quadripartite model (Hall Hirschmans 2012), the integrated model (Marshall Barbaree, 2006). Ward and Siegert, (2010) pathways models. This are critiqued by Seto, (2005), Ward, Poloschek and Beech (2006). Different investigators have come up with proposals that masturbatory conditioning as a form of learning plays a major role in the development of pedophilia Laws Marshall, (2006, pp. 209-230); McGuire, Carlisle, Young, (2005, pp. 183-190). Majority of the people experiences their initial sexual experiences in their childhood as the play with other children. This is usually a normative play that is sexual. In some individuals they pair this physical cues; androgynous shapes, small body sizes, absence of the secondary development of the sexual characteristics with the sexual pleasures that were aroused initially by their playmates. They learn to associate this cues with very strong and powerful orgasms as a reinforcement through several series of masturbation using the childhood memories of the sexual pleasures. There are others who have the same exciting sexual memories of their childhood ages but they do not have sex with prepubescent children. Pedophilias are blocked in their shift in the age preference. This suggests that some individuals are affected by this learning process. Most of the children predisposed to this condition are usually those who have poor parent-child attachment. They experiences neglect abuse, they have a high sex drive and they are aggressive, Ward et al, (2006). Through this study it does not explain if learning brings about pedophilia all it does is explain t he impacts of conditioning in the sexual arousal patterns. Aversion conditioning can be used in correcting this sexual. To suppress the sexual arousal to the sexual stimuli to children. The masturbatory reconditioning are used so as to enhance sexual arousal towards adult as the stimuli. With this it is clear that behavioral methods can be used in sexual offenders and change them. It is clear that sexual offenders who are pedophilic have a past sexual history of abuse as children this is in comparison with other se offenders. Those sex offenders who reports to have been sexually abused are more likely to confess their sexual arousals by children and the arousal is greater than that of those sexual offenders with no abuse history Becker, Kaplan, Hunter, (2006); Worling, (2005). There is an association of childhood sexual abuse and pedophilia Jackson, Pattison Ward, (2012). Lee et al, (2007, pp. 73-92) did a comparative study between 64 adult sexual offenders and 33 nonviolent offenders. The results were that childhood emotional abuse did cut across all the paraphilia and sexual abuse was specifically for pedophilia. Brain abnormalities have been suspected to be the cause of pedophilias. Late in the 19th century, Krafft-Ebing did an autopsy of a homicidal pedophilic brain. He observed morbid changes in the frontal lobes. This changes were in the 1st and 2nd temporal convulsion, parts of occipital convolutions. In other case studies it has been seen that injuries on the brain causes pedophilic sexual behaviors; collections of childhood pornography is part of brain injury Burns Swerdlow (2003). A male patient at 40 years, who was pedophilia lost his interest in children when his right orbital-frontal tumor was removed. The orbital frontal region is a behavioral inhibition area. Hucker et al., (2006) a research done shows that sexual offenders have lower intelligence than all the other offenders. Blanchard et al, (2001) reports that pedophilic sexual offenders have a history of brain injury by the age of thirteen years. This is an interesting window as it is the age where they develop sexual prefer ences. The early adolescents. This is the time sexual orientation and interests develops. This neural development disorder could be during the prenatal years. Cantor and colleagues, (2006) did a comparison on the magnetic resonance images of 65 and 63 pedophilic and non-pedophilic individuals respectively. They revealed that pedophilic have a significantly difference in their white gray matter. Specifically in their association tracts, superior occipital-frontal fasciculus. This tracts connects the occipital and the frontal regions that are used in implications of visual stimulus in the sexual nature. With no doubt pedophilia is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Sri Lanka legal issues on child sexual offences Sexual abuse in Sri Lanka is appearing to be one of the major issues in Sri Lanka. The current number of complaints filed and reported by The National Child Protection Authority as per the report given in July 2016 was; procuring to beg, 31 cases. Cruelty to children 158 cases. Sexual harassment 75 cases, rape 34 cases. Grave sexual abuse 4 cases. Neglect of children 75 cases. The government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) agrees that quality of the childhood has a very big influence on development of a person. It therefore rafted and signed the national child protection policy in 1991. It stipulated that children opt to be respected as they are the young generation. The main aim of the policy is to ensure coordination in all organizations that works towards protecting the children and the development of the children. It ensures that it strengths the resilience of the children and increases their capacity so as to resist abuse by formulating laws and policies. By then there was little awareness of the issues that were related to abuse of children especially sexual abuse. GoSL over ensuring time/period took corrective measures/actions to have the children protected better. This was a follow-up to the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) 1989. The National Child Protection Authority (NCPA) established by ACT No.50 in 1998. It is the principal Authority in children protection and promoting children rights. It was also given the mandate to formulate national policies for children protection. Policies for prevention of children abuse and policies for the treatment of those children who fall victims. One of the main guideline principles in the GoSL policy involves protecting the children against any form of abuse, exploitation or/and harm. In 2016 the present of Indonesia, Joko Widodo signed a decree to authorize chemical castration on those convicted to be children sex offenders and those released they are made to wear electronic monitors devices. Cited works Marshall, L., Laws, D., Howard, E., (2013). Sexual assault: issues, theories and treatment of the offender. https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=enlr=id=lkf2BwAAQBAJoi=fndpg=PA3dq=Sexual+Deviance:+Theory,+Assessment,+and+Treatmentots=Kd862LoNO8sig=BJPleWSLl4lo8NPzSL3V_qvJsFcredir_esc=y#v=onepageq=Sexual%20Deviance%3A%20Theory%2C%20Assessment%2C%20and%20Treatmentf=false Laws, R., William, T., ODonohue. (2008) sexual deviance; theories, assessment, and treatment. https://books.google.co.ke/books?hl=enlr=id=yIXG9FuqbaICoi=fndpg=PA164dq=theories+associated+with+pedophiliaots=Eknk6k0mYDsig=eNedv4RMHh4cMT5PoiGBwlWJw0Mredir_esc=y#v=onepageq=theories%20associated%20with%20pedophiliaf=false Blanchard, R., et al., (2002). Retrospective self-report of childhood accidents causes unconsciousness in phallometrically diagnosed pedophiles. Archives of sexual behaviors. Ed 52, pg. 511-526 retrieved from; https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/A:1020659331965 Bradford, J., Boulet, J., Pawlak, A., (2005). The pedophilias. A multiplicity of deviants behaviors. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Ed, 43, pg. 104-108 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1079063215618375 Krafft-Ebing, R., (1998). Psychopathia sexualis. 20th edition, original work published in 1886. https://archive.org/details/PsychopathiaSexualis1000006945 Lalumiere, M., Earls, C., (2005) Voluntary control of penile responses as a function of stimulus duration and instructions. Behavior assessment. Ed, 32, pg. 121-132 Lalumiere, M., Quisey, V., (2005). Pavlonian conditioning of the sexual interests of human males. Archives of sexual behavior. Ed 40, pg. 241-252 https://escholarship.org/uc/item/1wc177zt Lalumiere, M., Seto, M., Jespersen, (2005). The link between childhood sexual abuse and sexual offending: American Psychology. Langevin, R., Wortman, G., Wright, P., (1991). Neuropsychological impairment in incest offenders. Annuals of sex researchers. Vol 20. Pg. 163-179 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/107906328800100304 Laws, D., Marshall, W., (2000). A conditioning theory of the etiology and maintenance of deviant sexual preference and behavior. Handbook of sexual assault issues, theories and treatment of the offenders. Edition 30. Pg. 209-230. https://www.springer.com/la/book/9780306432729 Lee, J., Jackson, H., Pattison, P., Ward, T., (2012), Developmental risk factors for sexual offending, child abuse and neglect. Vol. 26, pg. 73-92 https://www.sop.org.tw/publication/Upload_files/26_2/05.pdf Marshall, W., Barbaree, Eccles, A., (2008). Early onset and deviant sexuality in child molesters. Journal of interpersonal violence, Ed, 25, pg. 323-336 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Marshall, W., Barbaree, H., (2006). An integrated theory of the etiology of sexual offending. Handbook of sexual assault issues, theories and treatment of the offenders. Ed 30, pg. 257-275 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 McClintock, M., Herdt, G., (2006). Rethinking Puberty. The development of sexual attraction current directions on psychological sciences. Ed 24, pg. 178-183 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797613478618 McGuire, R., Carlisle, J., Young, B., (2005). Sexual deviation as conditioned behavior: A hypothesis Behavior Research and therapy, Ed 2, pg. 183-190 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14253217 Seto, M., (2006). Precisely defining Pedophilia. Archives of sexual behavior, Ed, 40. Pg. 498-499. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6 Seto, M., (2003). Pedophilia and sexual offences involving children. Annual reviews of sexual research, ed. 15, pg. 321-361. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9882-6

Ryan Scadlock Essays - British Films, English-language Films

Ryan Scadlock AP English Ms. Mertens Wuthering Heights Essay February 17, 2000 When Wuthering Heights was published it was blasted it's contemporaries as obscene. They railed that Catherine and Heathcliff were the most immoral and in general worst people they had ever had the misfortune of reading about. Although Wuthering Heights has taken it's rightful place as masterwork of 19th century literature and Emily Bront? has receive credit for her work, it is still possible to see where the early attacks are based. Heathcliff especially behaves in a very obtuse manner. The basis for this behavior is Heathcliff's bizarre love/hate relationship with Catherine. His frustrated desire to be with her causes him deep personal pain, which he transfers to other characters in a sadistic attempt to force them to feel that pain as well. Heathcliff and Catherine's relationship is neither stable nor in any way normal. Instead it is full of violent emotions which are either soaring high or dashingly low, with very little between the two. Catherine declares that she and Heathcliff Whatever souls are made of, his and mine are the same(73). Heathcliff desires nothing more than to be with Catherine, but their relationship is undermined by the revelation that Catherine feels that it would degrade me to marry Heathcliff . . .(73). Heathcliff was unsuitable to Catherine because he is poor with no family. However, Edgar Linton has both and for those shallow reasons Catherine marries Edgar betraying Heathcliff's feelings for her and her own feeling as well. Catherine had hoped to marry Edgar but also to keep on loving Heathcliff as well, to have her cake and eat it too. The violence, hatred, love, and passion of Catherine and Heathcliff's relationship is encapsulated in their conversation on Catherine's deathbed: He [Heathcliff] could hardly bear, for downright agony, to look into her face. . . . She was fated, sure to die. ?Oh, Cathy! Oh, my life! How can I bear it?'[Heathcliff speaking] . . . . . . . . . . .. [Catherine speaking,]?I shall not pity you, not I. You have killed me? and thriven on it, I think. . . How may years do you mean to live on after I am gone? . . . . . . . . . . .. I shouldn't care what you suffered. I care nothing for your sufferings. Why shouldn't you suffer? I do!' . . . . . . . . . . .. [Heathcliff answers,]?You know you lie to say I have killed you: . .. I could as soon forget you as my own existence! Is it not sufficient for your infernal selfishness, that while you are at peace I shall writhe in the torments of hell? . . . . . . . . . . .. How cruel you've been?cruel and false. . . . . . . . . . . .. I have not broken your heart?you have broken it; and in breaking it have broken mine. . .. What kind of living will it be when ? oh, God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave?'(147-48) Love and hate are so closely entwined that they are both expressed in a single sentence. No one will call that exchange ?normal' but it contains the essence of their relationship. Despite the barbs of blame for the situation being thrown there is no doubt that Catherine's death pains Heathcliff to the very soul. Heathcliff becomes determined to share the pain caused by Catherine's betrayal and her death. The victims of his deranged vengeance are Isabella Linton, Edgar Linton, Linton Heathcliff, and Catherine Linton II. The more the worms writhe, the more I yearn to crush out their entails!(140). Clearly a sadistic attitude and one that makes it absolutely clear that Heathcliff's marriage to Isabella is a revenge on both Catherine and Edgar. The marriage of Heathcliff to her sister-in-law is emotionally damaging to an already frail Catherine. Edgar, who despises Heathcliff throughout the novel, is shock and very nearly disowns his sister for marrying a ruffian like Heathcliff. So Heathcliff gets vengeance on Edgar as well. Poor Isabella is caught with a man who does not, in fact never, loved her. She writes Nelly, . There is another motivation for the marriage: money. Though his marriage with Isabella Heathcliff has placed himself in line for not just